Trigger finger is a common diagnosis among adults. It commonly occurs in thumb and ring finger but can affect any digit and is caused by inflammation of the flexor tendons in the hand that get stuck when passing through the tunnel (pulley). Because of the increased resistance to the gliding of the tendon through the pulley, one may feel pain, popping, or a catching feeling. When the tendon catches, it produces inflammation and more swelling. This causes a vicious cycle of triggering, inflammation, and swelling. Sometimes the finger becomes stuck  and is hard to straighten or bend.   It is more common in patients with diabetes and thyroid problems. 

Treatment for Trigger Finger

The goal of treatment in trigger finger is to eliminate the catching and allow full  movement of the finger. Swelling around the tendon and pulley must be reduced to allow smooth gliding of the tendon. 

Non-operative Treatment for Trigger Finger

Anti-inflammatory medication can sometimes help. Splinting may also be effective but it becomes very difficult to perform activities of daily living with a splint in place. Injections are often the first line treatment. Long term relief can be seen with one injection in approximately 60% of patients. If the first injection fails patients are typically offered another injection given its high success rate. 

Operative technique  Treatment for Trigger Finger

When patients fail injections surgery is recommended. The goal of surgery is to open the pulley at the base of the finger so that the tendon can glide more freely. This provides permanent relief in the majority of patients. Some patients may feel tenderness, discomfort, and swelling about the area of their surgery longer than others. Occasionally, hand therapy is required after surgery to regain better use.

Hand Exercises